The metaphorical constructions used
by Shakespeare to portray political chaos in his History Plays depict England
as a sick and mutilated kingdom, as a threatening and nurturing mother
or as an unattended garden. This paper shows how Shakespeare also uses
metaphors related to a dangerous sea or a violent storm in order to present
political and also emotional confusion. At the same time, we also point
out how such images were already used by Latin authors such as Horace,
Ovid or Seneca. Tears in Shakespeare turn into "incessant showers" (Henry
VI III I, iv, 145), tempests, storms and floods that "drown the world"
(Richard III, II, ii, 70); the state is portrayed as a drifting
ship sailed by a monarch who fights against a dangerous, frightening and
devastating tempest; England is also compared to a vast sea that the king,
sometimes also described as a ship, cannot ply. Political and personal
decline will follow treason, political confrontations, usurpation, ambition
and ruling incompetence. The image of the ruler and the state being swallowed,
engulfed and devoured by the "fatal bowels of the deep" (Richard III,
III, iv, 101) figuratively represents such decay.